This clever loop relies on Yahenni, Undying Partisan's ability to sacrifice Thunderblust, sending it to the graveyard where its persist ability immediately returns it to the battlefield with a -1/-1 counter. As Thunderblust re-enters, Stalwart Successor's triggered ability sees the first counters placed on a creature that turn and responds by putting a +1/+1 counter on Thunderblust. Because Magic's state-based actions cause a +1/+1 counter and a -1/-1 counter to annihilate each other, Thunderblust is left with no counters at all, clearing the way for its persist trigger to fire all over again the next time Yahenni, Undying Partisan demands a sacrifice.