This loop relies on Mite Overseer as an engine that uses its own activation cost offset by Ashnod's Altar, turning mana into an expanding army. When you pay to activate Mite Overseer, Queen Allenal of Ruadach steps in to multiply your output, replacing the single Phyrexian Mite token with both a Mite and an extra Soldier token. Each time those tokens arrive, Hinterland Sanctifier triggers to pad your life total, which conveniently helps offset any life payments you make for Mite Overseer's Phyrexian mana. Finally, you sacrifice both newly minted tokens to Ashnod's Altar to generate four generic mana—more than enough to fuel the next iteration of the loop while growing Queen Allenal of Ruadach's power and toughness to astronomical heights.